@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ DevOps is a proven practice and set of standards that has helped small to large
Although every organization approaches these challenges in slightly different ways, there are **best practices** that you can follow to achieve successful implementation.
In this guide, you’ll learn key [DevOps](https://roadmap.sh/devops) best practices to improve your workflow, and common DevOps anti-patterns to avoid when adopting these practices.
In this guide, you’ll learn key DevOps best practices to improve your workflow, and common [DevOps](https://roadmap.sh/devops) anti-patterns to avoid when adopting these practices.
**TL;DR: 14 DevOps key best practices you should know are:**
title: '11 DevOps Principles and Practices to Master: Pro Advice'
title: '11 Core DevOps Principles to Master'
description: 'Elevate your game by understanding this set of key DevOps principles and practices. Gain pro insights for a more efficient, collaborative workflow!'
authorId: fernando
excludedBySlug: '/devops/principles'
seo:
title: '11 DevOps Principles and Practices to Master: Pro Advice'
title: '11 Core DevOps Principles and to Master: Pro Advice'
description: 'Elevate your game by understanding this set of key DevOps principles and practices. Gain pro insights for a more efficient, collaborative workflow!'
If you truly want to understand what makes DevOps so effective, it’s essential to know and master its core principles.
@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ So to keep up, DevOps engineers and teams need to be committed to learning and i
Encouraging a culture of continuous learning within your team can help keep everyone up-to-date with the latest DevOps trends and tools. This can include participating in conferences, attending workshops, and enrolling in online courses. Reading books like "The Phoenix Project," "The Unicorn Project," and "The DevOps Handbook" can provide valuable insights and inspiration.
If you’re not into books, then websites like [12factor.net](http://12factor.net), [OpenGitOps.dev](http://OpenGitOps.dev), and [CNCF.io](http://CNCF.io) are also great resources for staying current with industry best practices.
If you’re not into books, then websites like [12factor.net](http://12factor.net), [OpenGitOps.dev](http://OpenGitOps.dev), and [CNCF.io](http://CNCF.io) are also great resources for staying current with industry [best practices](https://roadmap.sh/devops/best-practices).
Continuous improvement goes hand-in-hand with continuous learning. It's about regularly reviewing and refining your processes, identifying areas for improvement after failing and experimenting with new approaches. This iterative approach helps you optimize the development process, improve collaboration between devs and operations, and deliver better software.
@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ In this guide, you’ll learn what Shift-Left testing is, its benefits, things t
## What is Shift-Left testing?
Shift-Left testing is a principle in DevOps that involves incorporating quality assurance and other testing activities **earlier** in the software development lifecycle (SDLC).
Shift-Left testing is a [principle in DevOps](https://roadmap.sh/devops/principles) that involves incorporating quality assurance and other testing activities **earlier** in the software development lifecycle (SDLC).
Over the years, testing has been somewhat considered an afterthought of the development process. The traditional approach waits for the development cycle to end or at least waits until 50% of the development process is done before testing the application. This approach can be slow, costly, and does not maximize resources because bugs found during the tests can’t be easily fixed during the development cycle.
@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ It’s important to understand that Shift-Left testing is not a “magic wand”
Adopting Shift-Left testing in your development process comes with several challenges, particularly related to resources and cultural resistance, which may overshadow the advantages it offers. To successfully implement Shift-Left testing, consider the following strategies:
- **Promote a testing-first mindset** and encourage cross-functional collaboration between your teams with an emphasis on shared ownership of the product.
- **Invest in training and skill development** focused on test automation, CI/CD, and other DevOpspractices.
- **Invest in training and skill development** focused on test automation, CI/CD, and other [best practices in DevOps](https://roadmap.sh/devops/best-practices).
- **Choose tools that align with your organization’s needs** and integrate seamlessly within your budget.
- **Start small** with a feature or pilot project, then gradually scale across the entire product chain. This approach will give your team the flexibility and the time to learn and refine strategies.
- **Regularly conduct risk assessments** to identify areas for improvement and implement corresponding mitigation strategies.
@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ In this article, we’ll try to help guide you through the constantly growing fr
## Understanding Front End Development
But before we move forward, let’s first understand what front end development is.
But before we move forward, let’s first understand [what front end development is](https://roadmap.sh/frontend).
Front end development involves creating the parts of a website or application that users interact with directly. This includes designing layouts, implementing visual elements, and ensuring a seamless user experience by coding the interactions through the use of three basic technologies: HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.
@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ With that said, HTML, CSS, and JavaScript aren’t the only three front end deve
HTML, CSS, and JavaScript are the foundational technologies for front end development. Mind you, they’re not the only skills that matter, but they’re definitely the three skills you should focus on first.
HTML, CSS, and JavaScript are the foundational [programming languages for front end development](https://roadmap.sh/frontend/languages). Mind you, they’re not the only skills that matter, but they’re definitely the three skills you should focus on first.
### HTML (HyperText Markup Language):
@ -201,9 +201,9 @@ While in theory, all you need to be a front end developer is JavaScript + HTML +
And in fact, those tools will also let you focus on the actual application you’re building, leaving the extra, presentation-related logic to the framework.
We are, of course, talking about modern front end frameworks (or libraries) such as React, Vue, or Angular.
We are, of course, talking about modern [front end frameworks](https://roadmap.sh/frontend/frameworks) (or libraries) such as React, Vue, or Angular.
Of course, there are other options out there, such as Svelte, Solid, or even just the native Web Components that all major browsers support nowadays. However, while those are very valid options, the main 3 still remain the most used options and if you’re looking to become a front end developer, you’ll want to first focus on one of them.
Of course, there are other options out there, such as Svelte, Solid, or even just the native Web Components that all major browsers support nowadays. However, while those are very valid options, the main 3 still remain the most used options and if you’re [looking to become a front end developer](https://roadmap.sh/frontend/how-to-become-frontend-developer), you’ll want to first focus on one of them.
Each framework has its own strengths and use cases, so understanding their core concepts and ecosystems can significantly enhance a developer's productivity.
@ -263,8 +263,8 @@ Is your code going to be automatically better because of this? No, it’s not. Y
## Conclusion
Understanding the importance and relevance of these 12 essential front end developer skills can equip front end developers with the tools and knowledge needed to create high-quality, performant, and accessible web applications.
Understanding the importance and relevance of these essential front end developer skills can equip front end developers with the tools and knowledge needed to create high-quality, performant, and accessible web applications.
That said, this is only a high-level overview of these skills, if you want to know more about how to tackle each of every one of these skills, check out this front end roadmap.
That said, this is only a high-level overview of these skills, if you want to know more about how to tackle each of every one of these skills, check out **[this front end roadmap](https://roadmap.sh/frontend)**.
In the end, staying updated with these core skills ensures developers can effectively tackle new challenges while remaining competitive in the industry.
In the end, staying updated with these core skills ensures that you can effectively tackle new challenges while remaining competitive in the industry. Plus, the stronger your skillset, the better your chances are of ticking requirements on a [front end developer job description](https://roadmap.sh/frontend/job-description).
@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ Frontend developers create the interface and experience that people interact wit
A well-written developer job description is key to finding the right developer. The challenge, however, is writing a developer job description that attracts top talent. A poorly written job description can attract unqualified applicants and overlook top talent. If you want to hire top frontend developers, you must understand what skills and duties come with the job.
In this guide, I will show you how to create a good [front-end developer](https://roadmap.sh/frontend) job description template based on my experience hiring front-end developers. In the following sections, you'll learn about the responsibilities, skills, and what to look for when hiring candidates.
In this guide, I will show you how to create a good front-end developer job description template based on my experience hiring [front-end developers](https://roadmap.sh/frontend). In the following sections, you'll learn about the responsibilities, [skills](https://roadmap.sh/frontend/developer-skills), and what to look for when hiring candidates.
## Frontend developer job description template
@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ Front-end developer job descriptions may differ depending on a company's require
- Translate web design mockups and feature requirements into functional, mobile-friendly websites using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript frameworks such as React, Angular, or Vue.js.
- Work closely with UI/UX designers to translate design wireframes into reusable code and collaborate with back-end developers to integrate APIs and services.
- Ensure cross-browser compatibility and optimize applications for maximum speed and scalability.
- Write clean, maintainable, and reusable code and conduct code reviews to ensure adherence to coding standards and [best practices](https://roadmap.sh/best-practices/frontend-performance).
- Write clean, maintainable, and reusable code and conduct code reviews to ensure adherence to coding standards and best practices.
**Requirements**
@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ Front-end developer job descriptions may differ depending on a company's require
- Hands-on experience with version control systems such as Git.
- Experience with tools for debugging and development automation like Chrome DevTools and Webpack.
- Relevant soft skills like customer service, communication, and problem-solving skills.
- Practical experience and a strong portfolio that shows a broad range of abilities.
- Practical experience and a strong [web developer portfolio](https://roadmap.sh/frontend/web-developer-portfolio) that shows a broad range of abilities.
- Bachelor’s degree in computer science or relevant industry experience.
**Nice to Have**
@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ Frontend developers aren't just individual who make cool web applications or web
- **Fix bugs:** Frontend developers help resolve website issues like browser compatibility issues, unclickable buttons, etc.
- **Optimize applications:** Frontend web developers ensure a website works well and loads fast. They are responsible for optimizing website performance, improving load times, and troubleshooting frontend issues. Frontend developers must stay up-to-date with [industry trends](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/Getting_started_with_the_web/The_web_and_web_standards#web_best_practices) and [](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/Getting_started_with_the_web/The_web_and_web_standards)best practices. This ensures that the websites they work on are accessible, follow web standards, and provide a great user experience.
- **Optimize applications:** Frontend web developers ensure a website works well and loads fast. They are responsible for optimizing website performance, improving load times, and troubleshooting frontend issues. Frontend developers must stay up-to-date with [industry trends](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/Getting_started_with_the_web/The_web_and_web_standards#web_best_practices) and [best practices](https://roadmap.sh/best-practices/frontend-performance). This ensures that the websites they work on are accessible, follow web standards, and provide a great user experience.
### Collaborate with backend web developers and other teams
@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ Technical interviews help ensure qualified candidates have the essential skills
Some examples of technical interview questions for a frontend developer job include:
Some examples of technical [interview questions for a frontend developer job](https://roadmap.sh/questions/frontend) include:
- Explain the difference between the undefined and null values in JavaScript
- Explain the principle of responsive web design and how you implement it.
@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ The process of getting into frontend development is often unclear to many people
### How long does it take to be a frontend developer?
The time required to become a frontend developer can vary from person to person. It depends mostly on how fast you learn and how much time you put into learning and practicing. But if you keep at it, you can pick up frontend development skills in just a few months to a year.
The time required to [become a frontend developer](https://roadmap.sh/frontend/how-to-become-frontend-developer) can vary from person to person. It depends mostly on how fast you learn and how much time you put into learning and practicing. But if you keep at it, you can pick up frontend development skills in just a few months to a year.
### How can I stay up-to-date with the latest front-end technologies and trends?
@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ Back-end web developers do the following:
Frontend developers often use a combination of programming languages, frameworks, and libraries like:
Frontend developers often use a combination of [programming languages](https://roadmap.sh/frontend/languages), [frameworks](https://roadmap.sh/frontend/frameworks), and libraries like:
- **HyperText Markup Language (HTML)**: HTML is a standard markup language for creating web pages. It is the foundation of a website, providing its structure and content for the web browser to display.
- **Cascading Style Sheet (CSS):** CSS is vital in controlling a website's visual presentation. It is a styling language that controls the layout and appearance of HTML and XHTML web pages. CSS transforms HTML elements like `<input>` into visual UI components like styled form fields. It allows frontend developers to add colors, fonts, icons, and more to websites.
@ -34,30 +34,27 @@ Just starting out in web or mobile development? You may feel swamped by all the
As someone who's been through this process for over a decade, I’ve made this post to make your learning journey smoother.
I'll focus on the essential front-end languages and recommend a few important frameworks and libraries. This will equip you with the knowledge needed to make informed decisions, provide a roadmap to help you focus on the right [skills](https://roadmap.sh/frontend/developer-skills), and help you build a rewarding career in [front-end development](https://roadmap.sh/frontend).
I'll focus on the essential front-end languages and recommend a few important frameworks and libraries. This will equip you with the knowledge needed to make informed decisions, provide a roadmap to help you focus on the right skills, and help you build a rewarding career in [front-end development](https://roadmap.sh/frontend).
## What are Languages, Libraries, and Frameworks?
Before we explore the front end languages, libraries, and frameworks to learn in 2024, it is important to understand what they are and the differences between them.
**Languages**
Languages are the core programming languages that developers use to write code. They have defined syntax, semantics, and rules for writing instructions that computers can execute and understand. Examples include:
**Languages** are the core programming languages that developers use to write code. They have defined syntax, semantics, and rules for writing instructions that computers can execute and understand. Examples include:
- JavaScript
- TypeScript
- Dart
- Kotlin
**Libraries**
Libraries are collections of pre-written code that developers can use to perform specific tasks. They save time and improve productivity because developers don’t have to write code from scratch. Libraries extend the functionality of a programming language by providing functions, methods, and classes that can be imported and used. Examples include:
**Libraries** are collections of pre-written code that developers can use to perform specific tasks. They save time and improve productivity because developers don’t have to write code from scratch. Libraries extend the functionality of a programming language by providing functions, methods, and classes that can be imported and used. Examples include:
- React
- Anime.js
- Chart.js
- JQuery
**Frameworks**
[Front-end frameworks](https://roadmap.sh/frontend/frameworks) are more comprehensive than libraries as they provide a structure or skeleton with sets of rules for building applications. They enforce architecture and offer tools, libraries, and components to streamline developments. Examples include:
**[Front-end frameworks](https://roadmap.sh/frontend/frameworks)** are more comprehensive than libraries as they provide a structure or skeleton with sets of rules for building applications. They enforce architecture and offer tools, libraries, and components to streamline developments. Examples include:
- Vue
- Angular
@ -374,4 +371,4 @@ Furthermore, users' evolving needs will continue to directly impact the approach
Staying informed about these changes is critical, as is knowing the appropriate path to follow when learning or adopting new technology. The [front-end r](https://roadmap.sh/frontend)[oadmap](https://roadmap.sh/frontend) is a reliable source of truth for developers seeking to stay updated and informed about the changes that may arise in front-end development.
Beyond having access to a reliable roadmap, an essential aspect of learning is monitoring your progress, demonstrating your skills to potential employers, and joining a supportive community. [Sign up to get started](https://roadmap.sh/signup) on the frontend roadmap while tracking your progress.
Beyond having access to a reliable roadmap, an essential aspect of learning is monitoring your progress, demonstrating your [skills](https://roadmap.sh/frontend/developer-skills) to potential employers, and joining a supportive community. [Sign up to get started](https://roadmap.sh/signup) on the frontend roadmap while tracking your progress.
@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ The above steps will give you the [skills](https://roadmap.sh/frontend/developer
## Benefits of pursuing a career in front-end development
The job market requires skilled professionals to create dynamic websites and web applications. This demand makes front-end development a role filled with numerous career opportunities.
The job market requires skilled professionals to create dynamic websites and web applications as part of most [frontend developer job descriptions](https://roadmap.sh/frontend/job-description). This demand makes front-end development a role filled with numerous career opportunities.
Some of the benefits of pursuing a career in front-end development include:
Just like variables in programming languages, CSS variables can be set by developers and reused across the entire CSS stylesheets. They’re great for centralizing global values that are used throughout the web site’s code.
Just like variables in [frontend programming languages](https://roadmap.sh/frontend/languages), CSS variables can be set by developers and reused across the entire CSS stylesheets. They’re great for centralizing global values that are used throughout the web site’s code.
They’re also heavily used by CSS frameworks to set constants such as the value of colors (i.e. “black” being “#222” instead of “000”.-
@ -164,8 +164,8 @@ Keep in mind that they’re grouped by difficulty into three categories: beginne
Before jumping straight into front end interview prep, here are some key points to keep in mind:
1. **Master the Fundamentals**: Before you start to solve complex problems, you need to make sure you have a solid understanding of front end development basics. This includes HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, as well as how they work together to create responsive, interactive web pages. Remember that you have the [Front End roadmap](https://roadmap.sh/frontend) available if you feel you still need to learn more about any of these topics.
2. **Practice Coding**: You can improve your coding skills through mini-projects or by solving problems on platforms like [LeetCode](https://leetcode.com/) and [HackerRank](https://www.hackerrank.com/). Focus on challenges related to front end development.
3. **Learn Modern Frameworks and Libraries**: Get to know popular frameworks and libraries such as React, Angular, or Vue.js. Understanding these tools is often crucial for modern front end roles.
2. **Practice Coding**: You can improve your [frontend coding skills](https://roadmap.sh/frontend/developer-skills) through mini-projects or by solving problems on platforms like [LeetCode](https://leetcode.com/) and [HackerRank](https://www.hackerrank.com/). Focus on challenges related to front end development.
3. **Learn Modern Frameworks and Libraries**: Get to know popular [frameworks](https://roadmap.sh/frontend/frameworks) and libraries such as React, Angular, or Vue.js. Understanding these tools is often crucial for modern front end roles.
4. **Tackle the foundational tools of your dev workflow**: Make sure you’re comfortable with essential tools and practices such as version control (e.g., Git), testing (unit and integration testing), and build tools (e.g., Vite). These are crucial for any front end role.
5. **Understand UI/UX Principles**: Understanding basic concepts of design and user experience can set you apart as a front end developer. Try to learn about accessibility, responsive design, and how to create intuitive interfaces.
6. **Research the Company**: Show some interest in the company you’re interviewing with by learning about their business and products. Prepare some questions to ask during the interview to show you care about the role.
question: 'Should I learn everything listed on the Backend Roadmap?',
answer: [
"This roadmap contains everything that you might encounter while working as a Backend Developer. You may not need everything listed on this roadmap to get into the industry; every job is different and most of the jobs will require a subset of the items on the roadmap. However, knowing what you don't know is as important as knowing things, so you can use this roadmap to get an idea of what you are missing as well.",
"This roadmap contains everything that you might encounter while working as a Backend Developer. You may not need everything listed on this roadmap to get into the industry; every job is different and most roles will require a subset of the items on the roadmap as part of their [job description](https://roadmap.sh/backend/job-description). However, knowing what you don't know is as important as knowing things, so you can use this roadmap to get an idea of what you are missing as well.",
'If you are a beginner who is just getting started, don\'t feel overwhelmed by looking at this roadmap. Look at the answer to the FAQ "How to become a Backend Developer?"',
Ed Lan
2 months ago
committed by
GitHub