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# What are Data Structures? |
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Data structures are specialized formats for organizing and storing data in a computer so that it can be used efficiently. They provide a means to manage large amounts of data efficiently for uses such as large databases and internet indexing services. They are critical to programming and are used in almost all software systems including web development, operating systems, image editing, and much more. Some common types of data structures are arrays, linked lists, queues, stacks, trees, and graphs. The choice of the data structure often begins from the choice of an abstract data type, a broad type encapsulating various possible data structures." |
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Learn more from the following resources: |
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[@video@What an Algorithms and More(MIT)](https://youtu.be/Zc54gFhdpLA?si=F_1QRigN_h2t2nSp&t=133) |
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[@video@What Are Data Structures?](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bum_19loj9A) |
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[@video@Introduction to Algorithms](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0IAPZzGSbME) |
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# Quick Sort |
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Quicksort, also known as partition-exchange sort, is an efficient, in-place sorting algorithm, which uses divide and conquer principles. It was developed by Tony Hoare in 1959. It operates by selecting a 'pivot' element from the array and partitioning the other elements into two sub-arrays, according to whether they are less than or greater than the pivot. The sub-arrays are then recursively sorted. This process continues until the base case is achieved, which is when the array or sub-array has zero or one element, hence is already sorted. Quicksort can have worst-case performance of O(n^2) if the pivot is the smallest or the largest element in the array, although this scenario is rare if the pivot is chosen randomly. The average case time complexity is O(n log n). |
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Learn more from the following resources: |
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[@video@A Complete Overview of Quicksort](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0SkOjNaO1XY) |
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[@video@QuickSort](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7h1s2SojIRw) |
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[@video@QuickSort Analysis](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-qOVVRIZzao) |
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