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Arithmetic Operators in C++
Arithmetic operators are used to perform mathematical operations with basic variables such as integers and floating-point numbers. Here is a brief summary of the different arithmetic operators in C++:
1. Addition Operator (+)
It adds two numbers together.
int sum = a + b;
2. Subtraction Operator (-)
It subtracts one number from another.
int difference = a - b;
3. Multiplication Operator (*)
It multiplies two numbers together.
int product = a * b;
4. Division Operator (/)
It divides one number by another. Note that if both operands are integers, it will perform integer division and the result will be an integer.
int quotient = a / b; // integer division
float quotient = float(a) / float(b); // floating-point division
5. Modulus Operator (%)
It calculates the remainder of an integer division.
int remainder = a % b;
6. Increment Operator (++)
It increments the value of a variable by 1. There are two ways to use this operator: prefix (++x) and postfix (x++). Prefix increments the value before returning it, whereas postfix returns the value first and then increments it.
int x = 5;
int y = ++x; // x = 6, y = 6
int z = x++; // x = 7, z = 6
7. Decrement Operator (--)
It decrements the value of a variable by 1. It can also be used in prefix (--x) and postfix (x--) forms.
int x = 5;
int y = --x; // x = 4, y = 4
int z = x--; // x = 3, z = 4
These are the basic arithmetic operators in C++ that allow you to perform mathematical operations on your variables. Use them in combination with other control structures, such as loops and conditionals, to build more complex programs.